Top 5 ways to practice polyrhythms

Polyrhythms are relatively easy in theory but can be tricky to execute. To grasp the basics, we recommend checking this article. In this piece, we will explore the top 5 ways to practice polyrhythms. Are you ready to improve your skills?

1. Break it down

Let’s examine a 3:2 polyrhythm example.

While it may seem complicated, it’s actually quite simple. First, isolate one rhythmic cell. You don’t need to focus on the whole note just yet.

Next, since 3 and 2 have no common factors other than 1, we multiply them.

2 × 3 = 6

Now, we can place this information in a grid:

Use your right hand to tap on any surface while counting to 6. Continue counting but skip the taps in-between, tapping only on 1, 3, and 5. This creates your triplet.

Now, let’s apply the same method for the two eighth notes. Tap and count to 6, then tap only on 1 and 4 while continuing to count.

The challenging part is combining them. Refer to the grid above, count to 6, and tap your right hand according to the top line and your left hand according to the bottom line. If possible, say ta when you tap the triplet and again when you tap the two eighth notes to hear the difference clearly.

Now, let’s look at another example in 4:3.

Again, let’s isolate a cell:

You may wonder, “Why did we cut the sextuplet in half?” This is because 8 sixteenth notes play during the sextuplet, and 8:6 is equivalent to 4:3.

Again, since 4 and 3 have no common factor other than 1, we multiply them.

4 × 3 = 12

We can now transfer this onto a grid:

Now, simply repeat the steps from above, counting to 12 this time!

2. Practice with a metronome

If you’re struggling, don’t worry; the metronome can help. Download our free metronome app (available for iOS and Android) and start slow, at 60 BPM. Set the metronome to 12/8 to cover all the counts. Just look at the grid and tap on the beats marked with an x.

Alternatively, you can assign one of the layers to the metronome: if it’s 2 eighth notes or a duplet, set the metronome to 2/4; if it’s 3 eighth notes or a triplet, set it to 3/4, and so on. Perform the other layer on your instrument or by clapping your hands.

3. Use your DAW's step sequencer

Remember that MIDI piano roll grid in your DAW? It’s a very useful tool for practicing polyrhythms. Set the correct time signature and fill the grid as described above. For the best results, use a drum kit to clearly hear the difference between the two contrasting rhythms. Here is an example of the 4:3 polyrhythm:

4. Add accents

Try this only if you have mastered the previous steps. Let’s return to our 3:2 example. Tap the triplets with your right hand and the eighth notes with your left. Now, add an accent on the first eighth of the triplet and keep tapping. Then add the accent on the second, and finally the third. Still easy?

Here’s the ultimate challenge: combine all three accents so that the accent is on the first eighth of the first triplet, the second eighth of the second triplet, and the third eighth of the third triplet. You can also add accents for the left hand.

5. Use words

Chances are, you won’t remember when exactly to say your ta while practicing those polyrhythms. A great memorization technique involves using simple words. For two notes in a beat, use pa-sta; for three, use spa-ghe-tti; for four, ma-ca-ro-ni; and for five, ca-la-ma-ra-ta. You’ll achieve proficiency in music as well as pasta types over time.

Perhaps one of your school music teachers introduced you to the Takadimi system. It’s an alternative way to learn and pronounce rhythm using different syllables. Here is a guide, but we recommend using it only if you have prior experience with Takadimi.

Anja Drozdova is a Swiss-Russian musician and music teacher. She focuses on finding creative ways to engage students during piano and music theory lessons by using different mediums such as technology and visual arts. Anja also writes electronic pop music under the artist name Mlkshk. Her music is inspired by everyday life, scenes from childhood, and imaginary places, shapes, and colors.